Organised by INDY partner CAFA Tech, the recent field tests in Estonia showcased the Tactical Energy Depot (TED) microgrid and its geothermal components, which are pivotal in achieving the INDY project’s goals of energy independence, reliable functionality, and reduced logistical needs.
The event began with an overview of the INDY project and an introduction to TED technologies. CAFA Tech instructors led participants through hands-on training sessions, teaching them how to swiftly and effectively install microgrid components and participate in tactical scenarios. The tests included the logistics aspects of installation and dismantling.
Notable attendees included INDY project Deputy Project Officer from the European Commission Volker Bäcker (DG DEFIS), Kevin Bienkens from the Belgian Ministry of Defence, INDY partners, and over 20 military experts from Estonia Defence Forces and Estonian Defence League. The DG DEFIS was very satisfied with the tests and emphasised how important it was that green energy solutions were shown and tested in Estonia for today's and future needs of military field camps.
Durable battery system designed for military conditions across climates
Key microgrid elements tested included different components for energy production, storage, conversion and distribution:
- energy production components (photovoltaic panels, vertical-axis wind turbine, diesel generator, thermoelectric generator combining geothermal and solar thermal energy),
- energy storage components (LFP battery, LTO battery, thermal energy storage),
- energy conversion components (grid-forming inverter and Grid-following inverter
- energy distribution components (distribution boxes)
To withstand military conditions in varying climates, including rain and snow, CAFA Tech developed a durable Lithium-Titanium-Oxide (LTO) Battery System, which is also resilient to transportation stress. Tanel Järvet, Estonian tests lead (CAFA Tech), noted, "The microgrid system's modularity and scalability make it an ideal solution for rapidly deployable military camps. Its ability to function in diverse climates adds great value for military operations worldwide."
The added value of modular and scalable solutions
The tests demonstrated that the INDY project's energy solutions are highly adaptable to the demands of modern military operations. Key concepts highlighted during testing included:
▪ Modularity
▪ Scalability (enabling integration of any number of generation, storage, or load modules).
▪ Reliability (with separate series chains to mitigate unexpected disconnections).
▪ Easy transportability.
▪ Rapid deployment by a small team (2-3 personnel).
▪ A quiet operating mode for the microgrid.
Military experts responded positively, underscoring the critical role of distributed energy systems in contemporary operations.
Autonomous Fuel Handling for High-Risk Areas
The CAFA Charging Trailer garnered particular interest due to its built-in wires and connectors, fast loading/unloading power stations, self-cleaning sliding contacts, and robust design tailored for military use. During the demonstration, the CAFA UGV robot, designed to fill up fuel in high-risk areas where it is not safe for humans to operate, was also showcased, highlighting its potential use in dangerous military environments.
Importance of Decentralised and Discreet Solutions in Military Operations
Participants were highly engaged throughout the installation process. Once the microgrid was operational, they gathered in the field tent to observe and discuss energy flow management and prioritising energy needs in a military camp. The practical, hands-on nature of the tests was well-received by participants, who appreciated the opportunity to gain direct experience with the microgrid installation, configuration, analysis, and dismantling. Military experts emphasised that these tactical solutions, which are both decentralised and discreet, are crucial for military operations.
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